DOCKER Interview Questions and Answers- Part 4

Answer:

The info command receives detailed information about the Docker installed on the host system. The information may include the total no. of containers/images or details about the state of the running containers/images and hardware specifications such as processors’ speed, memory allocated, kernel version, etc.

Answer:

Following are the most commonly used instructions:

• FROM: It is used to set the base image for the upcoming instructions. A Dockerfile is considered valid if it starts with this instruction.
• LABEL: It is used for organizing images based on modules, projects, or licensing. It also helps in automation if we specify a key-value pair when defining the label that can be accessed and handled programmatically later.
• RUN: It helps to execute instructions on the top of a current image in a new layer. With each RUN command execution, you add layers on the top of an image and use them subsequently.
• CMD: It provides an executing container’s default values. In the case of multiple CMD instructions, the last instruction is considered.

Answer:

Docker Logging is supported at two levels at the Daemon level or the Container level:

• Daemon Level: It has four levels, namely Debug, Info, Error, & Fatal. Debug has all data; Info has all information, including information about the error; Errors have those errors that occurred during the execution of Daemen & Fatal covers the fatal errors during the execution.
• Container Level: It can be done using the command: Sudo docker run –it ubuntu /bin/bash

Answer:

Dockerizing refers to enterprise environments that facilitate teams to leverage Docker containers to form a service platform such as CaaS (Container as a Service). It provides the teams with the necessary portability, agility & control to stay within their own environment.

Most developers use Docker because of the flexibility & ability to quickly ship & build applications to the rest of the world. Docker containers are highly portable and can run on any network/environment without making any additional changes. It allows the operations teams to handle the environment’s security while enabling developers to build applications independently.

The CaaS platform provided by Docker can deploy on-premise and is loaded with enterprise-level security features like integration with LDAP, image signing, role-based access control, or Active Directory, etc. Operations teams heavily rely on the scalability of Docker, which they can also leverage over the Dockerized applications in any environment.

Answer:

The following are some features of Docker Compose:

• Multiple isolated environments on a single host– Docker Compose uses a project name to isolate environments from each other.
• Preserve volume data when containers are created– Docker Compose all volumes that our services use. When the Docker Compose up runs, it copies volumes from the old container to the new container if it finds any containers from the previous runs. This process ensures any data you’ve created in volumes is not lost.
• Only recreate containers that have changed– Docker Compose caches the configuration used to create a container. Besides, the Docker Compose also reuses the existing containers when a service is restarted that has not changed. It allows you to make changes to your environment quickly.
• Variables and moving a composition between environments– In the Compose file, the Docker Compose supports variables. You can use variables to customize the composition for different users or environments.

Answer:

Docker contains various storage drivers; some are as follows:

• AUFS: It is a firm driver best-suited for production activity or server-oriented applications. AUFS makes optimum use of its memory & helps to preserve space in the Docker containers.
• Overlay Driver: Overlay is also a steady or firm driver that utilizes memory goods like AUFS. It is perfect for laboratory testing applications.
• Btrfs: This driver is used to perform the primary functions of the Linux kernel. This driver consumes high write access. In case of controlling several build pools, this driver suits well.
• ZFS: It is a firm or steady driver suitable for lab testing applications like overlay driver & service-oriented applications like AUFS.
• Device Mapper: Device Mapper is a firm driver that renders an enhanced Docker experience to the developers. It is suitable for service-oriented applications like ZFS & AUFS. Device Mapper is also used to perform the primary functions of the Linux kernel.

Answer:

Docker provides additional support of Docker Cloud that helps developers to perform various operations such as:

• Nodes: Through Nodes, you can connect the Docker cloud to the existing clouds such as Azure, AWS, through which containers can spin on the top of these cloud platforms.
• Uninterrupted integration: This feature allows users to communicate with GitHub & avail uninterrupted services sequentially.
• Software Deployment: The user can start Docker containers & an application through software deployment.
• Cloud Repose: By using cloud repose, a user can keep the repositories created by them.
• Uninterrupted Deployment: It facilitates users to automate their applications.

Answer:

Docker containers can be scaled horizontally by running multiple instances of the same container image using orchestration tools like Docker Swarm or Kubernetes.

Answer:

Containers can be linked together using the –link flag when running a container. However, the preferred method is to use Docker networks to allow containers to communicate securely.

Answer:

Docker images can be created using a Dockerfile, which is a text file that contains instructions for building the image. You use the docker build command to build an image from a Dockerfile.

Answer:

Ship the application refers to the process of deploying and distributing software applications using Docker containers. Docker is a platform that allows you to develop, package, and run applications and their dependencies in isolated environments called containers.

Answer:

Yes, Docker user has root-level access to the host by default.

Answer:

One of the best ways to assign a database password to a container is by using an ENV variable.

Answer:

Bind mount in Docker should only be used in specific conditions where the underlying application demands real-time operations as the bind mounts are native to the host Operating System.

Answer:

You have two options to stop a detached container. The first method involves utilizing the “docker kill” command, which terminates the container promptly through the SIGKILL signal. Alternatively, you can employ the “docker stop” command. This command sends a SIGTERM signal to the container, allowing it a 10-second grace period to halt gracefully before issuing the SIGKILL signal.

Answer:

Yes, it is indeed possible for two Docker images to share layers. Thus, reducing disk input-output time, optimizing disk usage, and reducing memory usage.

Answer:

In Docker, a scratch image is a special, minimalistic type of image that serves as a starting point for building other Docker images. It is essentially an empty container image with no operating system or files in it. Developers use the scratch image as a base to create custom images, allowing them to have complete control over the contents and configuration of the resulting image.

Answer:

We have the flexibility to incorporate containers into the network using various methods, either individually or in combination:

• Begin by launching the container, allowing Docker to automatically assign a public port. Once assigned, identify this port number and integrate it into your configuration.
• Alternatively, you can pre-select a specific port number during the configuration setup. Following this, you can manually configure the container to utilize the chosen port number upon activation.
• Employ an overlay network to establish connections between your containers using technologies like VLANs or tunnels.”

Answer:

There are two types of registries utilized within the Docker system: Public Registry and Private Registry. Docker’s public registry is known as Docker Hub, which enables the storage of a vast number of images. Additionally, the option exists to create a private registry for on-premise utilization.

Answer:

Docker Daemon and Docker client communicate through a mix of socket I/O, TCP, and Restful API.