Software Testing Interview Questions and Answers- Part 5

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A test environment is a controlled and separate system or setup where software applications, systems, or components are tested before being deployed to a production environment. It provides a controlled and isolated space where software development teams can verify the functionality, performance, reliability, and compatibility of their applications.

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A test harness, also known as a test framework, is a software tool or set of libraries that provides a structured environment for automated testing of software components or systems. It offers a collection of utilities, guidelines, and libraries that assist in the creation and execution of tests.

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Below are some test deliverables:

• Test Strategy
• Test Plan
• User guide
• Test Scenarios
• Test Data
• Test Cases
• Defect Report
• Graphs and Metrics
• Test incident report
• Release Note
• Effort Estimation Report
• Test Execution Report
• Test closure report
• Test status report
• Test summary report

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The most common components of a Defect Report are as follows:

• Defect ID
• Severity
• Priority
• Project Name
• Module Name
• Defect detected on
• Defect resolved on
• Defect detected by
• Defect resolved by

Answer:

Debugging is often categorized as:

• Backtracking
• Program slicing
• Cause elimination
• Fault tree analysis
• Brute force debugging

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The term “Big Bang approach” is often used in the context of software development or system implementation. It refers to a project management strategy where a new system or software is implemented across an organization all at once, rather than gradually or in phases.

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Gamma testing or gamma trial, is a phase of software testing that occurs after the completion of beta testing and just before the software is officially released. It is a type of acceptance testing conducted to evaluate the software’s stability, reliability, and overall readiness for a wider audience or the market.

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Globalization testing, also known as internationalization testing, is a process of evaluating software or applications to ensure their compatibility, functionality, and usability across different languages, cultures, and regions. It focuses on verifying that the software can effectively support various locales and adapt to local requirements without any issues.

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Exploratory testing is a software testing approach that emphasizes simultaneous learning, test design, and execution. It is often used in situations where the requirements and specifications of a software application are unclear or evolving, or when traditional scripted testing may not be suitable.

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Soak testing or longevity testing, is a type of software testing that focuses on evaluating the performance and stability of a system under sustained or continuous load. It aims to identify potential issues that may arise when a system is subjected to prolonged usage or heavy loads.

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Scalability testing is a type of performance testing that focuses on evaluating a system’s ability to handle increasing workloads and growing user demands. It helps determine how well a software application or system can scale up or scale out to support higher levels of usage, processing loads, and user concurrency.

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Reliability testing is a type of software testing that focuses on assessing the reliability and stability of a system or software application. Its primary objective is to determine the system’s ability to perform consistently and accurately over an extended period, under various conditions.

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A/B testing, also known as split testing, is a statistical method used to compare two versions of a webpage, application, or marketing campaign to determine which one performs better in terms of a specific goal or metric. The goal could be increasing click-through rates, conversion rates, user engagement, or any other key performance indicator (KPI).

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Exhaustive testing or brute force testing, is a software testing approach in which all possible combinations of inputs and states are tested to ensure the correctness and robustness of a system. The objective of exhaustive testing is to examine every possible input and its corresponding behavior, aiming to uncover any defects or vulnerabilities.

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Bug priority is a term used in software development to determine the relative importance or urgency of resolving a reported bug or issue. It helps developers and stakeholders prioritize their efforts and allocate resources effectively to address the most critical problems first.

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A masked defect refers to an existing defect that hasn’t caused a failure yet because another defect has prevented that part of the code from being executed.

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A standalone application or standalone software, refers to a computer program that can run independently on a computer system without requiring additional software or dependencies. It is designed to perform specific tasks or provide particular functionality without the need for an internet connection or reliance on other applications.

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A bug life cycle, also known as a defect life cycle, is a systematic process that outlines the different stages through which a software bug or defect progresses, from its identification to its resolution. It provides a framework for managing and tracking bugs in software development and testing.

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A hotfix refers to a small, targeted software update or patch that is released to address a specific issue or bug in a software application or system. It is a quick and immediate solution designed to fix a critical problem without requiring the user to wait for a larger software update or release.

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A bug bounty program is a coordinated effort by organizations to encourage and reward individuals or groups who discover and report security vulnerabilities or bugs in their software, websites, or digital systems. It is a way for companies to leverage the collective expertise and knowledge of the wider security community to identify and address potential security weaknesses.